Steady motion and turbulent flow represent two distinct regimes within the realm of fluid dynamics. Continuous motion describes a state where fluid particles follow predictable, unchanging trajectories over time, characterized by minimal fluctuations in velocity and pressure. In contrast, turbulent flow exhibits chaotic and unpredictable movements,

Engineering design depends heavily on the principles and concepts of mathematics. With fundamental calculations to complex simulations, mathematical models provide engineers with the tools to analyze, design, and improve systems. A deep understanding of mathematical concepts is essential for addressing engineering challenges and constructing innova